DBL Potassium Dihydrogen Phosphate Mechanism of Action

Pharmacology: Pharmacodynamics: Mechanism of action: The majority (80%) of the body's phosphate is found as calcium phosphate in the skeleton, where it gives rigidity to the bone. The remainder is found in soft tissues. Phosphate is the principal anion of intracellular fluid. In body fluids, phosphate is present mainly as divalent hydrogen phosphate (HPO₄^2-) ions (approximately 80%) and monovalent dihydrogen phosphate (H₂PO₄^-) ions (approximately 20%).
Apart from its essential role in bone structure, phosphate is also important in many metabolic and enzymatic pathways. It is involved in energy storage and transfer, the utilization of B-complex vitamins, the buffering of body fluids, and in the renal excretion of hydrogen ions.
Hypophosphataemia may arise from a variety of causes including primary hyperparathyroidism, Vitamin D deficiency, X-linked familial hypophosphataemia, alcoholism, hepatic failure and septicaemia. The symptoms of hypophosphataemia include muscle weakness, paraesthesia, convulsions, cardiomyopathy, respiratory failure and haematological abnormalities. Prolonged hypophosphataemia may result in rickets or osteomalacia.
Clinical trials: No data available.
Pharmacokinetics: The normal concentration range of phosphate in plasma is 0.8 to 1.5 mmol/L.
Phosphate is primarily excreted in the urine. Over 90% of plasma phosphate is filtered in the kidneys with the majority being reabsorbed in the proximal tubule. Parathyroid hormone decreases the tubular reabsorption of phosphate, thereby increasing urinary excretion. In addition, serum phosphate levels are inversely related to serum calcium levels and to renal metabolism of Vitamin D. A decrease in serum calcium concentration will result in increased serum phosphate levels.
Toxicology: Preclinical Safety Data: Genotoxicity: No data available.
Carcinogenicity: No data available.